企业官网建设流程全解析

0 基本逻辑

1创建项目 scrapy startproject 项目名字2cd 到spiders文件夹下3创建爬虫文件 scrapy genspider-t crawl 爬虫文件名字 爬取的域名

1 settings.py文件中设置日志文件

# 一般不采取这种方式# LOG_LEVEL = 'WARNING'# 推荐使用日志文件的方式LOG_FILE='log.log'

2 使用scrapy爬取读书网的中书的名字和图片地址

2.1 新建项目

scrapy startproject 项目名字

2.2 新建爬虫名字

scrapy genspidef 爬虫名字 域名# 域名，如www.baidu.com

2.3 在爬虫文件中写爬取逻辑

importscrapyfromscrapy.linkextractorsimportLinkExtractorfromscrapy.spidersimportCrawlSpider,Rulefromread_book.itemsimportReadBookItemclassReadbookSpider(CrawlSpider):name="read_book"allowed_domains=["www.dushu.com"]start_urls=["https://www.dushu.com/book/1188_1.html"]rules=(Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r"/book/1188_\d+\.html"),callback="parse_item",follow=True),)defparse_item(self,response):img_list=response.xpath('//div[@class="bookslist"]//img')forimginimg_list:name=img.xpath('./@data-original').extract_first()src=img.xpath('./@alt').extract_first()book=ReadBook101Item(name=name,src=src)yieldbook

2.4 items.py文件中

importscrapyclassReadBookItem(scrapy.Item):name=scrapy.Field()src=scrapy.Field()

2.5 pipelines.py文件中

fromitemadapterimportItemAdapterfromscrapy.utils.projectimportget_project_settings# 加载settings文件importpymysqlclassReadBook101Pipeline:defopen_spider(self,spider):self.fp=open('book.json','w',encoding='utf-8')defprocess_item(self,item,spider):self.fp.write(str(item))returnitemdefclose_spider(self,spider):self.fp.close()classMysqlPipeline:defopen_spider(self,spider):settings=get_project_settings()self.host=settings['DB_HOST']self.user=settings['DB_USER']self.password=settings['DB_PASSWORD']self.name=settings['DB_NAME']self.port=settings['DB_PORT']self.charset=settings['DB_CHARSET']self.connect()defconnect(self,):self.conn=pymysql.connect(user=self.user,password=self.password,host=self.host,database=self.name,port=self.port,charset=self.charset,)self.cursor=self.conn.cursor()defprocess_item(self,item,spider):sql='insert into book(name,src) values("{}","{}")'.format(item['name'],item['src'])self.cursor.execute(sql)self.conn.commit()returnitemdefclose_spider(self,spider):self.cursor.close()self.conn.close()

2.6 settings文件中开启管道、配置数据库

DB_HOST='127.0.0.1'DB_PORT=3306DB_USER='root'DB_PASSWORD='root'DB_NAME='spider01'# utf-8不允许使用 - 否则会报错NoneType……DB_CHARSET='utf8'# Configure item pipelines# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.htmlITEM_PIPELINES={"read_book_101.pipelines.ReadBook101Pipeline":300,'read_book_101.pipelines.MysqlPipeline':301}